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Water Supply, Sanitation and Regulation

ADB Angat Water Utilization and Aqueduct Improvement (2005)

Philippines
The Project conducted a detailed feasibility study exploring strategies for rehabilitating the Angat Reservoir, which is the main water source for Metro Manila. The feasibility study is hence directed at assessing the operation capacity and financial viability of the Project for ADB financing. The key tasks performed were extensive reviews, project management functions, and effective communication with MWSS, and a comprehensive analysis describing the proposed 2nd phase of the aqueduct. A thorough review and assessment of the proposed arrangements for planned restructuring of Maynilad Water, including its economic, financial and legal implications on the MWSS, were also performed.

ADB Appraisal Mission: Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Project (2001)

Kathmandu, Nepal
The Small Towns Water Project was aimed at improving water supply and sanitation conditions in about 44 emerging small towns with an average population of about 12,000 per town. The Project’s main features were to improve health and the quality of life of the stakeholder residents through extended water supply connections, drainage and sanitation facilities. Social and community impact analysis was also performed, which was ably complemented by initiatives to heighten public involvement and the institutional capacity of community-based water users and sanitation committees. As part of the project management approach, deep consultations with the local residents and town officials were also conducted, while institutional and governmental policies were reexamined for incorporation into the official recommendations.

ADB Fact Finding Mission: Phnom Penh Water Supply and Sanitation Project (1996)

Phnom Penh, Cambodia
The Project rehabilitated the outmoded and deteriorating water supply and sanitation system in Phnom Penh. This included the general renovation and redevelopment of the water treatment plant, supervision of the laying of distribution pipes, and the installation of efficient water meters. The Project also provided economic and financial analyses on the respective capacities of Cambodian governmental agencies to implement the proposed waterworks for funding.

ADB Loan Advisory Services to Local Governments of the Botabek Area in Promoting Private Sector Participation in Water Supply, Sanitation and Solid Waste Management (1999-2000)

Botabek, Indonesia
The Project was designed to assist participating LGUs and water utilities in the Botabek area in preparing pre-feasibility studies, negotiation and proposals, tender and contractual documents that support urban infrastructure services rendered for the private sector. An on-the-job training component was also implemented to promote capacity development among counterpart local private sector staff. Another major task undertaken was an evaluation of the financial and economic viability of the proposed projects, given minimum tariff requirements and alternative financing plans.

ADB Midterm Review Mission: Clark Area Municipal Development Project (2002)

Manila, Pampanga — Philippines
The Project was primarily directed at supporting local government initiatives of providing urban physical infrastructure and services in the Project site that covered about 8 LGU sites. The project administered capacity-building programs to further enable economic development activities, contribute to poverty reduction, and improve environmental conditions. Some of the key tasks undertaken were intensive reviews of the project components during implementation, and assessments of institutional arrangements, remedial measures and monitoring strategies.

ADB Midterm Review Mission: Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project (2000-2001)

Philippines
The review mission evaluated the Project on account of its design, accruable benefits, and relevance to governmental policies and plans in the sector. The Project reevaluated and described possible environmental and social benefits, and analyzed the financial and economic viability of the Project proponents. More specifically, reviews were conducted which determined the level of institutional involvement, capacity, and measures for maintenance and monitoring. The ensuing technical inputs were inserted and integrated into the Midterm Review Report.

ADB Mission: Manila South Water Distribution (2002)

Philippines
The Project’s main responsibility was to validate, document and assess the project accomplishments under two successive ADB loans, namely, the Manila South Water Distribution and Angat Water Supply Optimization, among other capital investment projects via other funding sources. The Project reviewed all covenants and contractual obligations, and helped in identifying alternative capital investment projects that were implemented parallel with the loans.

ADB Mission: MWSS Project Completion Review (2004)

Philippines
The PCR Mission prepared Project completion reports for projects such as the (i) Angat Water Supply Optimization Project, the Manila South Water Development Project, and the Umiray Angat Transbasin Project. The Project aimed to evaluate the achieved project deliverable vis-à-vis the proposed objectives and appraised targets. The project also evaluated the overall relevance, sustainability and efficiency of the project, and how it could be further improved for future reference. To achieve such targets, the main functions exercised were to provide detailed economic and financial analyses in preparation of an extensive impact analysis of the 3 projects on affected communities and indigents. A comprehensive appraisal and auditing of MWSS was also conducted to determine its general capacity and levels of recovery and operation.

ADB Pilot and Demonstration Activity: Rationalizing Tariffs for Private Water Utilities under the NWRB (2004 - 2005)

Luzon, Visayas, Philippines
The Project proposed to improve the delivery of water supply service among poor communities outside Metro Manila and to enhance the overall economic governance consistent with the ADB’s country-specific strategy. The Project specified and assessed issues pertaining to the current regulatory environment, including the tariff setting, supervision, and monitoring by the NWRB of subdivision water operators, and compared the regulator’s operational efficacy vis-à-vis established economic regulatory principles. The Project also identified ways to enhance governance through transparency and accountability within the NWRB’s performance monitoring duties. Financial guidelines were also revisited to determine success rate given key performance indicators. More importantly, the technical assistance introduced institutional reforms in order to boost the regulator’s capacity in economic regulation amid urban expansion.

ADB Preparation of Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Profile (2000 - 2001)

Philippines
The Project consisted of preparing a comprehensive Water Supply and Sanitation Sector profile covering relevant institutions, policies, programs and strategies for external or financial assistance. The Project also focused on sector-specific policy reforms and program priorities, including specifications for expanding the role of ADB to intervene. The profile basically engaged in institutional capacity development, and discussed present and projected issues concerning population coverage, community or public health, hygiene promotion, urban water supply and sanitation, waste management and rural operations. The Project also evaluated incumbent technical, financial, environmental and management arrangements.

ADB Reform of Water Enterprises (2002 - 2003)

Jakarta, Indonesia
The Project aspired to enable water supply enterprises or PDAMs in Indonesia to become financially viable and profitable commercial entities to improve their long-term operability, and to guarantee serviceability following local economic crises. The Project thus promulgated development via private sector participation, operational and management reforms and improved business practices and procedures. The key tasks performed were thorough reviews of the Water Supply and Sanitation Policy Framework, and the implementing guidelines to enable PDAMs comply with appropriate service, operations and management levels, and development of capacity building components for the water sector such as training modules and research initiatives.

ADB Review Mission: Clark Area Municipal Development Project (2001)

Clark Special Economic Zone, Philippines
The project sought to enhance the Government’s efforts of improving overall access to and the quality of urban physical infrastructure and services in the Clark Specials Economic Zone. This was achieved through reinforcement of planning and administrative capacities of the covered LGUs. The main tasks involved were to review and evaluate the financial performance of the concerned LGUs and governmental agencies, and to identify logistical, managerial or operational constraints during project implementation. Loan savings and financial plans were also assessed.

ADB Secondary Towns Water Supply and Sanitation (2005 - 2006)

Dhaka, Bangadesh
The Project was designed to provide sustainable and safe water supply and sanitation facilities in selected district towns to improve overall health and hygiene conditions, enhance the standard of living, and accelerate industrial and commercial development. The improvements in physical facilities were complemented by a strong institutional component, which focused mainly on improving operational efficiencies, reducing wastage, strengthening cost recovery and financial management systems, and ensuring community involvement. The Project also proposed to refurbish the provision of water services via the rehabilitation of existing water supply facilities, and the expansion of service coverage to match future water demand. These measures help ensure the cost-efficacy of the investments, and allow beneficiary towns to better control wastage and mitigate untoward environmental impact. The Project also integrated a project management subcomponent, and incorporated resettlement and gender equity analyses to generate a more accurate demand scenario.

DANIDA Apprasial Mission for the Tanong Water Pipeline Rehabilitation Project (2001)

Philippines
The Appraisal mission was directed at evaluating the financial and institutional aspects of the Tanong Water Pipeline to determine if the utility project could qualify under the mixed credit-financing scheme of DANIDA. The project appraisal involved the rehabilitation of an existing pipeline for use in delivering drinking water by the Manila Water Company, Inc., one of two existing private water supply providers in Metro Manila.

Central Visayas Water Supply Project (1996 - 1997)

Cebu, Philippines
The Project, funded by the Australian Agency for International Development, was aimed at enhancing the health, living conditions and economic status of poorer communities in Central Visayas through significant improvements in water supply and sanitation systems. The Project entailed the strengthening of the capacities of the involved governmental agencies in the planning, implementation and maintenance of water supply and sanitation facilities, in order to facilitate improved service coverage of potable water supply and formal sanitation systems. The key Project tasks were comprehensive assessments and revaluations of community-based organizations and servicing utilities, including organizational systems, manpower requirements and competencies, board policies and regulations, financial management processes and systems, training needs and billing procedures.

Economic Pricing of Water (2000)

Manila, Philippines
The project, supported by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), involved the identification of recoverable costs in the provision of infrastructure facilities and services, and the development of viable cost-recovery measures. The project also prepared a set of information used by the National Water Resources Board (NWRB) in implementing a transparent and effective pricing regime for raw water nationwide. The main tasks for the Project were expert comparative studies of budgeted and actual financial results, identification of provisory costs, the development of cost-recovery techniques, and a comprehensive collation of data applied for proposed cost and financing methodologies.

Feasibility Study of LWUA’S TEN Packages Project (1998 - 2000)

Philippines
The LWUA Project, which involved several disparate undertakings, entailed the preparation of technical and financial feasibility studies such as the development of a financial plan based on the investment requirements of water districts based in Bataan, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Tarlac, and of municipalities in Bulacan province. The Project accordingly involved the determination of the economic impact of implementing respective improvement programs on the water utilities, and evaluating the overall financial viability of the intervention. The key accomplishments for the Study were thorough historical analyses of the districts’ financial performance, the formulation of financing plans based on the representative investment requirements, assessment of the water tariff rates, the preparation of 10-year financial projections and affordability schemes. Special consideration was also afforded to socio-economic sensitivities and features of the resident stakeholders.

Integrated Citarum Water Resources Management Project (2005)

Citarum, Indonesia
The ADB-led project entailed the preparation of an investment program for the ICWRM, which in turn would espouse the integrated water resources and environmental management within the Citarum River Basin. Among the key components addressed were conservation, utilization and ecological impact mitigation, watershed management, agricultural and hydrological technology development and energy usage. The Project further assisted the Government to enrich and renocate the existing IWRM plan for the River Basin, reviewed public policies on raw water tariff and on the operations and management of the water supply system in the affected area. Other major services provided were analytical reviews of possible public financing and budgetary options, and detailed economic and financial evaluation of the proposed interventions.

Jaffna Peninsula Water Supply and Sanitation Feasibility Study (2005)

Jaffna, Sri Lanka
The Project entailed the detailed assessment and selection of the highest priority sectors and areas that would qualify under ADB financial assistance. The selection process, based on needs assessment and consultations with institutional and developmental partners, public and private organizations, would help ready the municipality for improved institutional arrangements in the operations, management and maintenance of water supply systems. Strategies for enhancing collection efficiencies, billing policies, and staff competency were also designed such as training sessions and technical researches.

Kashkadaraya and Navoi Rural Water Supply Project (2005)

Uzbekistan
The water supply project required the analysis of proposed technical interventions for strengthening rural water supply and sanitation development programs in two oblasts. The Project also prepared a program intended for capacity building of local governments, as well as a program to facilitate the upgrading of water supply and sanitation facilities expected to cover about 500 communities in the medium-term. The Project rendered financial and economic analysis of the core subprojects by instituting specialized criteria, and drafted financial reports detailing loan viability, risk environment and prospects, and least-cost scenarios. The level of public and governmental involvement was also assessed, including the government’s capacity to execute the water supply and sanitation strategies.

Saprof II for the Karnapuli Water Supply Project (2005)

Bangladesh
The Karnapuli Project, intended for the improvement of water supply in Chittagong, Bangladesh, promoted and supported the Chittagong Water and Sanitation Authority’s operation efficiency and management capabilities. This was done through administrative and institutional initiatives, including reduced provision for unaccounted water, and financial reinforcement through the reorganization of water rate and liabilities, and through participatory management techniques.

WB Water Supply and Sanitation for Low Income Communities Project (2000, 2005)

Indonesia
The World Bank WSSLIC Project was designed to improve the health status, household productivity and the general quality of life among the poor communities in pre-identified communities in Indonesia such as Sumatra, Java, and Tenggara, primarily through the extended provision of water supply and sanitation facilities, and through a redeveloped public health program. The loan program involved the design of a channeling mechanism for WB funds, and also included a training module to complement project implementation. A program for community involvement and empowerment was also formulated, where the comments and sentiments of village, local and regional participants were incorporated into the institutional component. Funds flow was also recalibrated to generate a simpler, community-based program that was more attuned to local environment resolutions.